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Riches to Rags

There is something uncanny about the timing of the Paris Opera’s revival of Kenneth MacMillan’s “L’Histoire de Manon” at the Palais Garnier in October 2026, as turmoil unfolds in the streets of Paris. Adapted from Abbé Prévost’s 1731 novel, the ballet shifts the action to the eve of the French Revolution, conjuring a society fractured by stark inequalities, decadent privilege and pervasive poverty. Nicholas Georgiadis’s designs bring this world to life: figures from every social stratum mingle against a backdrop of hanging rags, at times concealed by sumptuous architectural sets. This chiaroscuro of opulence and misery permeates the entire tragedy.

Performance

Paris Opera Ballet: “L’histoire de Manon”

Place

Palais Garnier, Paris, October 14, 2026

Words

Elsa Giovanna Simonetti

Sae Eun Park and Marc Moreau in “L’histoire de Manon.” Photograph by Marie-Helena Buckley | OnP

Outside a coaching inn, amid beggars, criminals, prostitutes and aristocrats, Silvia Saint-Martin immediately stands out as Lescaut’s Mistress, resplendent in emerald green. Her icy elegance and almost otherworldly poise set her apart from the surrounding bustle. Here Manon (Sae-Eun Park), on her way to a convent, meets her brother Lescaut (Antoine Kirscher), who has more profitable plans for her, and Des Grieux (Marc Moreau). Thunderstruck, Des Grieux launches into a magnificent declaration of love, a solo combining emotional intensity with remarkable control in its slow turns and sustained balances.

The architecture of “L’Histoire de Manon” presents a paradox. Despite its monumental scale—with imposing sets, dancing crowds and even a patchwork score assembled from different works by Jules Massenet, curiously excluding his own opera “Manon”—the ballet ultimately depends on just two dancers to hold this heterogeneous world together. Its backbone is formed by four pas de deux, reinvented through MacMillan’s neoclassical language as carnal vehicles of emotional expression, tracing the protagonists’ journey from love at first sight to death. The first feels almost like a prelude: Park’s exquisite precision and Moreau’s dramatic intentionality are already evident, but their chemistry has yet to fully blossom. It was their first performance together, following a cast change prompted by Bleuenn Battistoni’s injury.

Sae Eun Park and Marc Moreau in  “L’histoire de Manon.” Photograph by Marie-Helena Buckley | OnP

Sae Eun Park and Marc Moreau in “L’histoire de Manon.” Photograph by Marie-Helena Buckley | OnP

The second pas de deux, set in Des Grieux’s bedroom, brings them closer. Away from the outside world, the intimacy between Manon and Des Grieux seems to extend to the performers themselves, blurring the boundaries between characters and dancers. Park has something of Juliet’s youthful wonder at discovering love for the first time; she is so attuned to the score that the music seems to emanate from her body. Moreau has a more responsible air, but is just as much in love, expressing his feelings through more dramatic phrasing. When their distinct qualities converge, the effect is magical. Their intimacy is soon threatened by Lescaut and Monsieur G.M. (Jean-Baptiste Chavignier), who lure Manon into a world of wealth. Park’s own interpretation of Manon begins to emerge: almost oblivious, neither entirely resistant nor consciously complicit, seemingly unaware of the power she exerts or the consequences of her choices.

Her appearance in Act II brings this ambiguity to the fore: regal in ermine as she enters Madame’s brothel, yet like a child playing dress-up in her mother’s clothes, she suddenly seems both solemn and resigned as she removes her cloak. The characterisation deepens in Manon’s procession across the shoulders of eight men: passed from one to another like a fragile doll, she makes us sense the danger behind her innocence. Park’s absolute technical control stands in fascinating contrast to Manon’s apparent surrender.

Sofia Rosolini is excellent as Madame, protective of her girls but always with an eye for profit. Her salon fills with bewigged prostitutes, their skirts lifted in seductive gestures as they whirl merrily around the stage. Among them, one recognises some of the youngest dancers of the Paris Opera Ballet. In the drunken pas de deux with Antoine Kirscher’s Lescaut, Silvia Saint-Martin displays great theatrical assurance. Kirscher is particularly convincing as a drunk, but also brings depth to Lescaut when sober, capturing MacMillan’s portrait of a man whose cynicism lies somewhere between opportunism and necessity. Nicola Di Vico, Léo De Busserolles and Alexander Maryianowski are superb in the gentlemen’s dances, precise and exuberant.

Back at Des Grieux’s lodgings, the third pas de deux lays bare the lovers’ conflicting desires for possession: he longs to possess her, while she longs for riches. The diamond bracelet becomes the emblem of this tension, as Park and Moreau navigate a turbulent mixture of passion, tenderness and anguish.

Sae Eun Park and Marc Moreau in  “L’histoire de Manon.” Photograph by Marie-Helena Buckley | OnP

Sae Eun Park and Marc Moreau in “L’histoire de Manon.” Photograph by Marie-Helena Buckley | OnP

Act III opens at the port of New Orleans, where the lively ensemble dances offer a cruel contrast to the misery of the women deported from France. Manon arrives among the prisoners, exhausted and supported by Des Grieux, who poses as her husband. The scene in the Gaoler’s room is perhaps the most gripping of the evening. Fabien Révillion is chilling, almost carved out of stone, his impenetrable presence making the character’s brutality and abuse of power all the more disturbing in the face of Park’s helpless Manon. Moreau responds with wholehearted dramatic commitment, as his beloved finds herself caught in despair between the two men. After killing the Gaoler, Des Grieux escapes with Manon into the Louisiana swamps. Beneath the hanging Spanish moss, the figures of their Parisian past return to haunt them, like a procession of spectres in a lucid nightmare.

The final pas de deux, technically formidable and harrowing, brings together Park’s extraordinary bodily control and Moreau’s solidity. MacMillan’s fascination with figure skating emerges in the gliding movements, daring lifts and Manon’s signature multiple tours en l’air ending in her partner’s arms. The choreography demands perfect synchronicity between the two dancers even as Manon’s body, barely alive, surrenders to exhaustion. Yet, for all the brilliance of their final encounter, it is their curtain call that proves even more moving. In the looks and gestures the two exchange, there is a sense of mutual gratitude and affection, and the boundaries between dancers and characters blur once more.

The outsider is a recurring figure in MacMillan’s work. He was himself a “different drummer,” as Jann Parry titled her biography of the choreographer. Born into a working-class family, he often felt at odds with the ballet establishment. Manon is the outsider par excellence. As MacMillan himself observed, it is not the fear but the shame of poverty that drives her towards a world to which she does not belong, ultimately leading to her destruction. But she is hardly alone in her alienation. Des Grieux is a young aristocrat drawn into poverty and crime, while Lescaut is both a product and a victim of the society he tries to exploit. Social divisions shape their lives and turn them against one another. They are lonely figures whose paths cross in furtive encounters, even as crowds fill the stage around them.

MacMillan’s choreography is almost expressionistic, with classical ballet reshaped into a language of heightened emotion. Apart from the virtuosity of certain lifts and catches, particularly in the final pas de deux, the demands are less technical than interpretive. Beyond the gliding movements and arabesques, what remains is a sense of dance so inseparable from the drama that the story takes precedence. Think of Manon’s characteristic gesture, her elbows framing her face and her arms bent back behind her head, so simple yet suggestive of youthful recklessness, seduction and self-indulgence. Perhaps this is why MacMillan’s work still speaks to us: within a colossal historical spectacle, he finds in the smallest gestures a way to tell stories of human fragility that remain painfully familiar.

Elsa Giovanna Simonetti


Elsa Giovanna Simonetti is a Paris-based philosopher researching ancient thought, divination, and practices of salvation at the École Pratique des Hautes Études. With over a decade of ballet training, she studied History of Dance as part of her Philosophy and Aesthetics degree at the University of Bologna. Alongside her academic work, she writes about dance.

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