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For Love or Money

Unlikeable humanity in a rapacious society, Kenneth MacMillan’s “Manon” hits the zeitgeist—again. Recently staged by the National Ballet of Japan, it’s a stunning testimony to the ballet’s relevance across time and space. Fifty years since its creation and set in eighteenth-century France, the production nevertheless holds a mirror to now.

Performance

National Ballet of Japan: “Manon” by Kenneth MacMillan

Place

New National Theater Tokyo, Japan, March 19, 2026

Words

Kris Kosaka

Ayako Ono and Yudai Fukuoka in “Manon” by Kenneth MacMillan. Photograph by Takashi Shikama, courtesy of the National Ballet of Japan

First is the disenfranchisement of middle-class youth as personified in Lescaut. Debuting in the role is Kosuke Okumura, who shrewdly captures Lescaut’s cynical essence. The curtains open on stark, grey sets, ragged clothing for a backdrop. Okumura slumps alone in the spotlight. Okumura’s opening despair provides an important glimpse of Lescaut’s humanity. As the stage floods with dancers representing a mixed range of class, from beggars to courtesans, aristocrats to merchants, Okumura/ Lescaut’s despair morphs to a hidden rage. 

Okumura hobnobs with the elite, dallies with his mistress, dances with the commoners. All throughout, his surly dissatisfaction with the restrictions of his class are revealed in telling asides, like when he suddenly shoves his flirting mistress, danced with calculating verve by Yuri Kimura. Okumura’s contradicting solo perfectly distills Lescaut’s frustrations. Flourishing leaps speak of unreachable dreams, and the topsy-turvy cartwheeling spins and splits of the commoners he briefly joins cannot satisfy him. It’s no surprise he seeks to monetize his sister’s beauty as a way up. 

Ayako Ono as Manon delights and repels from the moment she enters. Joyful and fresh, there is something nevertheless performative in her wild affection to her brother. It is obvious from Ono’s interpretation that Manon shares her sibling’s malcontent, enchanted as she is by the materialism of the demimonde and the attention she attracts. Ono’s Manon is much more interesting—and modern—than a simple ingénue pimped by a cad. Similarly, Okumura characterizes Lescaut not as a villain, but as Manon’s own temptations manifest.

Ayako Ono in“Manon” by Kenneth MacMillan. Photograph by Takashi Shikama, courtesy of the National Ballet of Japan

Ayako Ono in“Manon” by Kenneth MacMillan. Photograph by Takashi Shikama, courtesy of the National Ballet of Japan

MacMillan’s choreographic language renders this manifestation clearly. Manon’s dilemma is expressed in the now famous split-legged lifts and coy, self-aware steps that will echo throughout the ballet. In Act One it unfolds as a growing awareness of desire’s heady power, in Ono’s unusual balances or sportive développés. With this subtle performance, Ono/Manon falls under the spell of her own beauty. She deserves all life offers, and she is a willing participant in her moral downfall, waiting patiently for her brother to settle the details. Until she meets Des Grieux, danced by a sensitive Yudai Fukuoka.  

Fukuoka plays Des Grieux as the cinnamon roll hero so idealized in modern romances today. Elegantly expressing the sweet attraction of this male trope, Fukuoka/ Des Grieux seduces Ono/ Manon with delicate extensions and calm balances, no extravagant shows of masculinity. Fukuoka is graceful and feminine, hesitant and respectful, not demanding, but entreating her love. Dazzled in spite of her ambitions, it works. 

Another Act One highlight is Ono and Fukuoka’s bedroom pas de deux, a vibrant and playful expression of mutual delirium. But the pas de trois between Ono, Okumura and Masahiro Nakaya as Monsieur G.M. is my favorite. MacMillan’s distinctive lifts as Ono passes between the men becomes a psychological unpacking of how women are victimized by their own weapons of empowerment—attracting the male gaze. Who can resist a chance for such power? Act One ends with Okumura convincing a heartbroken Fukuoka that wealth will justify everything.

Ayako Ono, Kosuke Okumura, and Masahiro Nakaya in “Manon” by Kenneth MacMillan. Photograph by Takashi Shikama, courtesy of the National Ballet of Japan

Ayako Ono, Kosuke Okumura, and Masahiro Nakaya in “Manon” by Kenneth MacMillan. Photograph by Takashi Shikama, courtesy of the National Ballet of Japan

Acts Two and Three steadily break down that lie. The early drunken pas de deux between Lescaut and Kimura (his mistress), is a scene stealer, both sad and funny as Lescaut’s loathing turns inwards. Kimura, the quintessential survivor, aims to seduce Monsieur G.M. herself, in a bold, saucy solo that was pure captivation. Most of Act Two reveals Manon’s growing awareness of herself as an accessory, her beauty elevating G.M.'s status with her own. She enjoys her power in the many-partnered sarabande, dreadfully joyful to behold. Her worth is now symbolized by a glittering black dress, and the diamond bracelet G.M. presents her, like a shackle, foreshadows her tragic fate. 

NBJ first staged MacMillan’s masterpiece in 2003, and this third revival is in association with the Royal Ballet and Opera. All is faithful to the original, with sets and costumes by Nicholas Georgiadis, music by Jules Frédéric Massenet as arranged by Martin Yates, and staging by Robert Tewsley. But the technically gorgeous, dramatically savvy NBJ makes it their own. 

For me, Manon’s greatest moment is her bleak epiphany in the scene with the Gaoler (Fukunobu Koshiba). Her beauty can only buy ugliness. The choreographed rape is the violent, unvarnished reality of a purely transactional society. Ono embodies a spiritual death here much more affecting than Manon’s physical one. A technically flawless dancer showing profound dramatic skill. 

The rest follows as inevitable tragedy, with the miry green staging hauntingly symbolic: nothing triumphs over cynical materialism, not family nor beauty nor love. Everything will be lost, in the swamp of our greed. 

Kris Kosaka


Kris Kosaka is a writer and educator based in Kamakura, Japan. A lifelong ballet fan and studio rat in her youth, she's been contributing to the Japan Times since 2009. She writes across culture, but especially in dance, opera and literature. 

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